Class 4 Science Lesson 4

Exercise

1. Select the correct option:

a) Snake has spine.

b) The body of invertebrates is soft.

c) Cow gives birth to offspring.

d) Lizard lives on land.

e) Frog is an organism that lives in both land and water.

2. Fill in the blanks with the words given below:

hot, skin, cold, milk, egg, bone

a) Animals with vertebrae have bone in their bodies.

b) Birds such as chickens, sparrows, pigeons incubate their egg.

c) Youngs of animals like cows, buffaloes, and humans get nourishment from milk.

d) Yak is an animal found in cold place.

e) When the frog is in the water, it breathes from its skin.

3. Match the following:

i) Swimming → b. Fish

ii) Crawling → d. Crocodile

iii) Jumping → a. Rabbit

iv) Walking → e. Human

4. Answer the following questions:

a) What kind of animal has a soft body?

👉Animals that have a soft body are called invertebrates, such as earthworms, jellyfish, and snails.

b) Write the names of five animals that do not have a spine.

👉Five animals that do not have a spine (invertebrates) are as follows:

1. Earthworm
2. Snail
3. Octopus
4. Butterfly
5. Jellyfish

c) Write any three features of a vertebrate.

👉Any three features of a vertebrate are:

• They have a backbone (spinal column).
• They have a well-developed nervous system.
• Their bodies are divided into a head, trunk, and sometimes limbs or tail.

d) Make a list of any five vertebrates.

👉List of any five vertebrates are:

1. Cow
2. Fish
3. Frog
4. Bird (like a sparrow)
5. Human

e) Write the difference between vertebrates and invertebrates.

👉The difference between vertebrate and invertebrates are:

Vertebrates	Invertebrates
i) They have a backbone.	ii) They don’t have a backbone.
ii) They have complex body structure.	ii) They have simpler body structure.
iii) Vertebrates have a closed circulatory system.	iii) Invertebrates have an open circulatory system.
iv) Examples: Fish, Bird, Human	Examples: Earthworm, Insect, Snail

f) Mention two ways in which animals produce babies. 

👉Any two ways in which animals produce babies are:

• Laying eggs (e.g., birds, snakes)
• Giving birth to live young (e.g., humans, cows)

g) Both snakes and crocodiles are animals that incubate eggs. How does their incubation style differ? 

👉Difference in egg incubation:

• Snake: Incubates eggs by burying them in warm soil or leaves; does not sit on them.
• Crocodile: Lays eggs in nests and guards them; may help hatchlings reach water.

h) What is the respiratory organ of an aquatic animal called?

👉 The respiratory organ of an aquatic animal is called gills.

i) Mention the habitat of the following animals:
👉

Animal	Habitat
1. Earthworm	Soil/Hole in the ground
2. Frog	Water and land (both)
3. Squirrel	Trees/Tree trunk holes
4. Buffalo	Shed/Grassland
5. Mouse	Hole/Burrow
6. Fish	Water
7. Sparrow	Nest/Tree

j) Name one animal each with the following characteristics:
👉

1. Has a sharp beak and lives in a hole in the ground: Kingfisher
   
   
2. Has a soft and segmented body, makes the soil loose and lives in it: Earthworm
   
   
3. Has fins and breathes through gills: Fish
   
   
4. Baby grows in the mother’s womb for nine months after conception and is then born: Human
   
   
5. Has a backbone and lives in a hole in a tree trunk: Squirrel
   
   
6. Crawls, lives in both water and land, lays eggs and produces babies from eggs: Frog

1. Identify the characteristics for the following plants and match the pair:
👉

a) Walnut – iii. tree

b) Watercress – v. aquatic plant

c) Root – iv. the underground part of plant

d) Fruit – vi. food preparing part of the plant

e) Rose – ii. shrub

2. Write ‘true’ for the correct statements and ‘false’ for the incorrect ones:
👉

a) All plants are tall and strong. – False

b) Plants belonging to the herb group survive only for one or two seasons. – True

c) Watercress is a plant that lives in the soil. – False

d) Shrub is used for fencing around the house. – True

e) Trees are perennial plants. – True

3. Fill in the blank with the given words:
👉

a) Coriander falls under the herb group.

b) Herbs survive for only up to one or two seasons.

c) Tree stems are solid and hard.

d) Lotus grows in water.

e) Roots of terrestrial plants are long and well developed.

a) State the types of plants based on size.

👉 Plants can be divided into three types based on size: herbs, shrubs, and trees.

b) What are the characteristics of plants belonging to the herbs group?

👉 Herbs are small plants with soft, weak, and non-woody stems. They have short and fine roots and usually live for only one or two seasons.

c) What kind of plants are called trees? Give an example.

👉 Tall and big plants with hard, strong stems and deep roots are called trees. They live for many years.
Example: Mango

d) Write the names of any three plants belonging to the shrub group.

👉 Rose, Jasmine, Peach

e) Write the characteristics of aquatic plants.

👉 Aquatic plants grow in water. They have weak, underdeveloped roots, soft and hollow stems, and broad leaves that help them float. Some leaves are covered with a wax-like slimy substance.

f) Write the names of any four plants found in the water.

👉 Lotus, Hydrilla, Water hyacinth, Algae

g) Present the difference between aquatic and terrestrial plants in the table as follows:
👉

Basis of Difference	Aquatic Plants	Terrestrial Plants
Root	Weak and underdeveloped	Long and well developed
Stem	Soft and hollow	Hard and woody
Leaf	Broad or thin, helps float	Broad or elongated in shape

h) Separate the following plants into terrestrial and aquatic plants:
👉

• Terrestrial Plants: Paddy, Mustard, Rosewood
  
  

• Aquatic Plants: Algae, Water hyacinth, Watercress
  
  

i) Draw a clear picture of a plant, name the different parts of it and write down the two functions of each part.

👉 (Drawing required – describe below)

Parts of the Plant:

1. Root

• Anchors the plant in the soil
  
  
• Absorbs water and nutrients

2. Stem

• Supports the plant and transports water

• Holds leaves, flowers, and fruits

3. Leaf

• Prepares food through photosynthesis

• Helps in gas exchange

4. Flower

• Helps in reproduction

• Attracts pollinators

5. Fruit

• Protects seeds
• Helps in seed dispersal