Class 5 Science Lesson 8

Exercise – 1 (Heavenly body)

1. If the statement given below is correct, put a tick mark (✓) and if it is wrong, put a cross mark (✗):

(a) Sun is a moving celestial body. (✓)

(b) There are countless stars in the sky. (✓)

(c) Stars shine by their light. (✓)

(d) Stars revolve around the sun. (✗)

(e) Earth is a member of the solar family. (✓)

2. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate word:

(a) Planets revolve around the Sun.

(b) Celestial bodies orbiting the planets are called satellites.

(c) Sun is a medium size star.

(d) The moon spends a month going around the Earth.

(e) Moon is the Earth’s only satellite.

3. Match the planets and their number of satellites:

Planet	Number of Satellites
Mars	2
Saturn	62
Venus	0
Jupiter	67
Earth	1
Neptune	14

4. Choose the most appropriate option:

(a) What is the celestial body that orbits the planet called?
👉 ii. satellite

(b) Which of the following is an example of a star?
👉 iv. sun

(c) What is 24 hours?
👉 ii. time taken by the Earth to complete one rotation on its axis

(d) Which of the following statements is correct?
👉  iii. The Earth makes one orbit around the Sun in a year

5. Write the answers to the questions given below:

a) Give examples of celestial bodies.

👉 Examples of celestial bodies are the Sun, Moon, planets, stars, comets, and satellites.

b) Write any two differences between stars and planets.

👉 Stars produce their own light and twinkle in the sky, while planets do not produce their own light and do not twinkle. Stars appear fixed in the sky, but planets move around the sun in a fixed path.

c) Draw a neat picture of the Earth revolving around the Sun and the Moon revolving around the Earth. Name them.

👉 [Draw a labeled diagram showing the Sun at the center, Earth revolving around it, and the Moon revolving around the Earth]

d) Out of the eight planets, what is the reason why only the Earth has living things?

👉 Earth has living things because it has air, water, and a suitable temperature, which are necessary for life.

e) Are there planets and satellites of other stars like the solar system? Ask and write.

👉 Yes, there are planets and satellites around other stars in the universe. These are known as exoplanets, and they revolve around stars like our Sun.

Exercise – 2 (Motion of earth)

1. If the statement given below is correct, put a tick mark (✓) and if it is wrong, put a cross mark (✗):

(a) Day and night occur because of the rotation of the Earth. (✓)

(b) It takes 365 days for the earth to make one rotation on its axis. (✗)

(c) Earth rotates clockwise on its axis. (✗)

(d) Due to the rotation of the Earth, the time varies from place to place. (✓)

 (e) The seasons change when the distance of the Earth from the sun changes. (✗)

2. Fill in the blanks with suitable words:

👉

(a) An imaginary line connecting the north and south poles through the center of the Earth is called axis.

(b) Earth is tilted at an angle 66.5° in its orbital plane.

(c) During the rotation of the Earth, if the light of the sun falls uniformly on all sides, the day and night are equal.

(d) On the Earth, time in the east is faster than that on the west.

3. Select the best option from the given ones:

(a) How long does it take the Earth to complete one revolution in its orbit?
👉 i. one year

(b) What is the reason for the change of seasons on Earth?
👉 ii. Earth rotating and revolving with a tilt of 66.5 degrees in its orbital plane

(c) Which of the following causes day and night on the Earth?
👉  ii. Earth rotating on its axis

(d) Which of the following causes the sun to set?
👉  ii. rotation of the Earth on its axis

4. Answer the following questions:

a) Write any three differences between Earth’s daily motion and annual motion.

👉 The daily motion of the Earth is called rotation, and it takes 24 hours. The annual motion is called revolution, and it takes 365 days. Rotation causes day and night, while revolution causes seasonal changes.

b) Mention any two effects of the rotation of the Earth.

👉 The two effects of Earth’s rotation are:

It causes day and night.

It causes different times in different places on Earth.

c) What would have been the effect if the Earth’s axis were to be perpendicular to the orbital plane? Give your reason.

👉 If the Earth’s axis were perpendicular, there would be no change in seasons because sunlight would fall equally on all parts of the Earth throughout the year.

d) Different parts of the Earth have different climates at the same time. What is the reason behind this?

👉 The main reason is the tilt of the Earth’s axis and its revolution around the sun, which causes different parts to receive different amounts of sunlight.

e) Fill in the table (Day length in Northern and Southern Hemispheres):

👉

Position	Northern Hemisphere	Southern Hemisphere
1	The shortest day	The longest day
2	Shorter	Longer
3	Equal	Equal
4	Longer	Shorter
5	The longest day	The shortest day
6	Longer	Shorter
7	Equal	Equal
8	Shorter	Longer

Exercise – 3 (Moon and Its Phases)

1. If the statement given below is correct, put a tick mark (✓) and if it is wrong, put a cross mark (✗):

👉

(a) Moon rises in the east and sets in the west. (✓)

(b) The moon stays in the sky throughout the day. (✗)

(c) Every day the moon rises 2 hours later than the previous day. (✗)

(d) The moon shines in the evening of the bright half (Shukla Paksha). (✓)

(e) There is moonlight in the evening of the dark half (Krishna Paksha). (✗)

2. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate word:

👉

(a) The period after the New moon to the Full moon is known as Bright half (Shukla Pakshya).

(b) One day is equal to 24 hours.

(c) The state of the Moon lying between Earth and Sun is called New moon (Aunsi).

(d) The size and brightness of the moon increases during the dark half (Krishna Paksha).

3. Choose the most appropriate option:

(a) On which date does the moon rise in the evening and set in the morning?

👉  iv. Purnima

(b) What is the reason for the existence of the phases of the moon?

👉 iv. Moon revolving around the Earth

(c) The earth falls between the sun and the moon. What is seen?

👉  i. in full size throughout the night

(d) When does the moon appear as a half-moon 7 or 8 days after Full moon?

👉  ii. rising in the evening 7 or 8 days after the Full moon

3. Answer the following questions:

a) What does it mean by the phases of moon?

👉 The phases of the moon refer to the different shapes of the bright part of the moon as seen from Earth. These shapes change every day due to the moon’s position while orbiting the Earth.

b) What is the position of the Moon, Earth and Sun during the New moon and Full moon? Draw a picture and show it.

👉 [Draw diagrams: One where Moon is between Sun and Earth = New Moon; One where Earth is between Sun and Moon = Full Moon]

c) What is the reason for the moon being invisible in the sky on the day of the New moon?

👉 On the day of the New moon, the dark side of the moon faces the Earth, so we cannot see it from Earth.

d) If the moon were a satellite shining with its own light, how would have its shape visible to us differed and why?

👉 If the moon had its own light, it would have always appeared round and full, and there would be no phases, because the whole side facing us would always be bright.

e) Dolma’s parents are farmers. They made a plan to get up early in the morning and start harvesting the paddy in the moonlight. Based on the study of the phases of the moon, advise them, with reasons, from which date it would be appropriate to start harvesting paddy.

👉 Dolma’s parents should start harvesting from the Full Moon day (Purnima) or from Shukla Paksha because during this time, the moon is brighter and remains in the sky longer during the night and early morning, providing enough light for work.